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Como a luz solar afeta nosso humor? de Hannah Zuckerman

De Hannah Zuckerman & Bryan W. Jones

Com a pandemia, as medidas restritivas tornaram ficar em casa o “novo normal”- embora a quarentena impeça a proliferação do vírus, ela também dificulta o acesso à luz do dia e os benefícios que os raios de sol nos proporcionam.

A luz do sol nos permite ver e compreender o ambiente que nos cerca. Ela também regula nosso ciclo de sono. Recentemente, pesquisadores do National Institute for Mental Health (NIMH), descobriram que a luz afeta áreas de nosso cérebro que regulam nosso humor. Explorar a ligação entre a luz e o humor pode nos ajudar a compreender o Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal, também popularmente conhecido por “depressão sazonal”, um humor depressivo que geralmente afeta as pessoas durante o outono e inverno, quando há menos luz solar.

Entender como a luz afeta nosso humor pode nos auxiliar a entender como o Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal afeta as pessoas. Estudando ratos de laboratório, é possível saber que leva um tempo para que as mudanças da luz do ambiente comecem a afetar o humor. Foi possível perceber mudanças de humor nos ratos após duas semanas de a luz do ambiente ter sido interrompida. Isso pode explicar porque pessoas com Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal não sentem, de forma consciente, seus humores alterando e porque leva um tempo para sentirem os efeitos depressivos da luz.
A depressão é complexa. Estudos mostram que a terapia de luz pode tratar pessoas com Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal, mas também pode ajudar pessoas que sofrem de Transtorno Depressivo Maior e Transtornos Bipolares.

A dica recomendada pelos pesquisadores é que as pessoas tirem um tempo para sair de casa durante o dia para receber uma certa quantidade de luz solar. Também não se expor a luzes artificiais muito fortes antes de dormir, para não atrapalhar a produção de melanina.

Conteúdo publicado originalmente em BrainFacts. Traduzido pela equipe ISP.

By Hannah Zuckerman and Bryan W. Jones.

In addition to friends and family, you may be missing another partner in your daily life — sunshine. Social distancing and quarantining reduce the risk of contracting or spreading COVID-19. But, these precautions can also limit our outdoor activities.

Sunlight lets us see and assess our surroundings. It also regulates our sleep cycle. Recently, researchers at the National Institute for Mental Health (NIMH) found light affects brain areas that regulate mood. Exploring the link between light and mood may help us better understand seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a form of depression that often affects people in the fall and winter when there’s less sunlight.

Knowing how light affects mood may help us understand why SAD affects people the way it does. From studying mice, we know it takes time for changes in the light environment to begin affecting mood. We noticed mood changes in the mice after two weeks of disrupting their light environment. This could explain why people with SAD don’t consciously feel their moods changing, and why it takes time before they feel depressive light effects.

Depression is complex. Studies show light therapy can treat people with SAD but can also help people suffering from general depression and bipolar disorder.

You need as much sunlight as you can get. If you can, go outside even if it’s cold. Don’t expose yourself to bright light at night. Being exposed to bright light at night will block melatonin production, a hormone your brain produces in response to darkness.

This article was originally posted on BrainFacts and translated to portuguese by ISP.

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